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Urea
He pūhui waro i titoa mai i te waro, te hauota, te hāora me te hauwai, tetahi o nga pūhui waro ngawari rawa atu, a ko te hua mutunga o te hauota-kei roto i te whakangao pūmua me te pirau i roto i nga kararehe whakangote me etahi ika, ka whakahiatotia te Urea e te haukini me te waro. hauhā i roto i te ahumahi i raro i etahi tikanga.
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Amonium Bicarbonate
Ko te haukinia bicarbonate he puhui ma, he kowhatu, he pereti, he karaihe pourangi ranei, he kakara haukinia.Ko te ammonium bicarbonate he momo warowaiha, ko te ammonium bicarbonate he katote haukinia kei roto i te tikanga matū, he momo tote haukinia, kaore e taea te whakakotahi i te tote haukinia me te kawakawa, na reira kaua e honoa te haukinia bicarbonate ki te konutai haukinia me te konupora konupora. .
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Pāhare Waowao
He matū pararopi, ka memeha hei paura tioata ma, ka rewa ki te wai, kawakore i roto i te wairewa wai, kare e rewa i te waiwaro, acetone, me te etera.Ko te kaha o te hygroscopic, ka kitea ki te hau ka taea te tango i te hauhā me te wai, ki te pāhare pāporo.
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Pāhare pūhaumāota
He pūhui pararopi he rite te ahua o te tote, he karaihe ma, he tino tote, he kakara, he kore paitini.Wairewa i roto i te wai, ether, glycerol me alkali, paku wairewa i roto i te waihā, engari insoluble i roto i te waihā anhydrous, hygroscopic, ngāwari ki te caking;Ka tere ake te memehatanga o te wai i te pikinga o te pāmahana, a he maha nga wa ka huri ano ki te tote konutai hei hanga tote pāhare pāporo hou.
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Ferrous Sulfate
Ko te ferrous sulfate he taonga pararopi, he heptahydrate te hydrate crystalline i te pāmahana noa, e mohiotia ana ko te "alum matomato", he karaihe matomato marama, he huarere ki te hau maroke, ko te waikura o te mata o te parauri te rino pūkawa ngawha i roto i te hau makuku, i te 56.6 ℃ ka riro. tetrahydrate, i te 65 ℃ ka noho hei monohydrate.He wairewa te ferrous sulfate i roto i te wai, he tata korere ki te waiwaro.Ko tana wairewa wai ka puhoi ki te hau ina makariri, a ka tere ake te waikura ina wera.Ko te taapiri i te kawakore, i te whakamaaramatanga ranei ki te marama ka tere ake te waikura.Ko te kiato whanaunga (d15) he 1.897.
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Amonium Chloride
Nga tote haukinia o te waikawa maaota, te nuinga o nga hua o te ahumahi kawakore.Nitrogen ihirangi o 24% ~ 26%, ma ranei paku kōwhai tapawha ranei octahedral tioata iti, paura me te kirikiri e rua puka inenga, ko te haukinia pūhaumāota granular e kore he ngāwari ki te mimiti makuku, ngāwari ki te rokiroki, me te paura haukinia pūhaumāota he ake whakamahia rite te taketake tongi mo te hanga tongi pūhui.He tongi waikawa tinana, kaua e whakamahia ki runga i te oneone waikawa me te oneone saline-alkali na te nui ake o te maota, kaua hoki e whakamahia hei tongi purapura, tongi huero, tongi rau ranei.
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Konupora Chloride
He matū pararopi he 74.54% te māota me te 25.48% te konupora, ā, e ono ngā rāpoi ngota o te wai tioata, MgCl2.6H2O.Ko te karaihe monoclinic, he tote ranei, he kino kino.Ka puta te konupora konupora ina ngaro te wai me te hauwai hauwai i te wa whakamahana.He iti te wairewa ki te acetone, te wairewa ki te wai, te waihano, te mewaro, te pyridine.Ka whakahekehia, ka paoa ki roto i te hau makuku, ka whakaheke i te wa e wera ana i roto i te awa hau o te hauwai.
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4A Zeolite
He waikawa alumino-silicic taiao, he tote i roto i te wera, na te mea ka peia te wai o roto o te karaihe ki waho, ka puta he ahua rite ki te pupuhi me te koropupu, e kiia nei ko te "kohatu koropupu" i roto i te ahua, e kiia ana ko "zeolite". ”, ka whakamahia hei awhina horoi phosphate-kore, hei utu mo te konutai tripolyphosphate;I roto i te hinu me etahi atu ahumahi, ka whakamahia hei whakamaroke, hei whakamaroke me te horoi o te hau me te wai, me te mea ano hoki hei whakakorikori me te wai whakaahuru.
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Waikawa Citric
He waikawa waro nui, he karaehe taekore, he kakara, he kaha te reka o te kawa, he ngawari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai, te nuinga o te whakamahi i roto i te ahumahi kai me te inu, ka taea te whakamahi hei kaihoko kawa, hei kai whakakakahu me te whakamarumaru, hei tiaki, ka taea hoki te whakamahi matū, ahumahi Paku hei antioxidant, plasticizer, horoi, waikawa citric anhydrous taea hoki te whakamahi i roto i te ahumahi kai me te inu.
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Konutai Silicate
Ko te konutai silicate he ahua o te silicate parakore, e mohiotia ana ko te pyrophorine.Na2O·nSiO2 i hanga e te maka maroke he nui, he marama hoki, ko Na2O·nSiO2 i hanga e te tinei wai mākū he kirikiri, ka taea te whakamahi ina huri ki te wai Na2O·nSiO2.Ko nga hua totoka noa Na2O·nSiO2 ko: ① totoka nui, ② paura totoka, ③ konutai konutai inamata, ④ wai kore konutai metasilicate, ⑤ konutai pentahydrate metasilicate, ⑥ konutai orthosilicate.
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Konutai Dihydrogen Phosphate
Ko tetahi o nga tote konutai o te waikawa ūkuikui, he tote waikawa pararopi, he memeha ki te wai, tata korekore ki te waiwaro.Ko te konutai dihydrogen phosphate he rauemi mata mo te hanga konutai hempetaphosphate me te konutai pyrophosphate.Ko te karaihe monoclinic prismatic kore tae me te kiato whanaunga o 1.52g/cm².
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Dibasic konutai Phosphate
Koia tetahi o nga tote konutai o te waikawa phosphoric.He paura ma, he memeha ki te wai, he ngoikore te wairewa wai.Ko te Disodium hydrogen phosphate he ngawari ki te huarere i te rangi, i te pāmahana rūma ka tukuna ki te rangi ka ngaro te 5 wai tioata hei hanga heptahydrate, ka wera ki te 100 ℃ ki te ngaro nga wai karaihe katoa ki roto i te mea anhydrous, te pirau ki te konutai pyrophosphate i te 250 ℃.
