Te tūranga o te polyacrylamide ahumahi i roto i te tango hinu

Nā ngā āhuatanga o te polyacrylamide ahumahi mō te whakamātotoru, te whakapūpū me te whakahaere i ngā wai, he mea nui tēnei ki te whakaputa hinu. He whānuitia te whakamahinga mō te keri, te aukati wai, te whakakawa wai, te pakaru, te horoi poka, te whakaoti poka, te whakaiti tō, te ārai i te unahi me te nekehanga hinu.

Ko te tikanga whānui, ko te whakamahinga o te polyacrylamide he whakapai ake i te tere whakaora o te hinu. Ina koa, he maha ngā mara hinu kua uru ki te whakaputanga tuarua me te tuatoru, ko te hohonutanga o te puna wai he nui ake i te 1000m, ā, ko ētahi o ngā hohonutanga o te puna wai he tae atu ki te 7000m. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā hanganga me ngā mara hinu o tai, kua kaha ake ngā tikanga mō ngā mahi whakaora hinu.

I roto i ēnei, ko te hanga hinu hohonu me te hanga hinu tai moana i whakatakoto i ngā whakaritenga hou mō te PAM, me te hiahia kia ātete ki te kutikuti, te pāmahana teitei (neke atu i te 100°C ki te 200°C), te ātete ki te katote konupūmā, te katote konupora, me te ātete ki te pirau wai moana. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1980, kua nui te ahunga whakamua i roto i te rangahau taketake, te whakarite, te rangahau tono me te whanaketanga momo PAM e tika ana mō te whakaora hinu ki tāwāhi.

E whakamahia ana te polyacrylamide ahumahi hei whakatikatika wai keri me te tāpiri wai pakaru:

Ko te polyacrylamide waikura-wāhanga (HPAM), i ahu mai i te waikura o te polyacrylamide, he mea whakamahi pinepine hei whakarerekē i te wai keri. Ko tana mahi he whakahaere i te rheology o te wai keri, te kawe i ngā tapahi, te whakahinuhinu i te mata keri, te whakaiti i te ngaronga wai, me ētahi atu. He iti te taumaha motuhake o te wai keri kua whakatikatikaina ki te polyacrylamide, ka taea te whakaiti i te pēhanga me te aukati i te puna hinu me te hau, he ngāwari ki te kimi i te puna hinu me te hau, ā, he pai mō te keri, he 19% teitei ake te tere keri i te wai keri tikanga, ā, tata ki te 45% teitei ake i te tere keri miihini.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea e ia te whakaiti i ngā aituā keri piri, te whakaiti i te pakaru o ngā taputapu, me te ārai i ngā ngaronga me ngā hinganga. He mea nui te hangarau pakaru hei whakaohooho i te whakawhanake i ngā moenga piri i roto i ngā mara hinu. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te wai pakaru polyacrylamide crosslinked nā te mea he matotoru teitei, he iti te waku, he pai te kaha o te onepu iri, he iti te tātari, he pai te pumau o te matotoru, he iti te toenga, he whānui te tuku, he watea te whakarite me te iti o te utu.

I roto i te maimoatanga pakaru me te waikawa, ka whakaritea te polyacrylamide ki roto i tētahi otinga wai me te kukū o te 0.01% ki te 4% ka panahia ki roto i te hanganga o raro whenua hei pakaru i te hanganga. Ko te mahi a te otinga polyacrylamide ahumahi he whakamātotoru me te kawe i te onepu me te whakaiti i te ngaronga o te wai pakaru. Hei tāpiri, ko te pānga o te polyacrylamide he whakaiti i te ātete, kia taea ai te whakaiti i te ngaronga whakawhiti pehanga.