Te tūranga o te konupūmā pūhaumāota i roto i te maimoatanga waipara

Tuatahi, ko te tikanga o te maimoatanga paru waipara ko te maimoatanga ā-tinana me te maimoatanga matū. Ko te tikanga ā-tinana ko te whakamahi i ngā momo rauemi tātari me ngā rahi pore rerekē, te whakamahi i ngā tikanga mimiti, te aukati rānei, ka tangohia ngā poke i roto i te wai, ko te mea nui ake i roto i te tikanga mimiti ko te mimiti me te waro whakahohe, ko te tikanga aukati ko te tuku i te wai mā roto i te rauemi tātari, kia kore ai e taea e te nui o ngā poke te puta, kātahi ka whiwhi i te wai ma. Hei tāpiri, kei roto hoki i te tikanga ā-tinana te tikanga whakamakuku, arā, ko te tuku i ngā poke iti kia mānu i runga i te mata o te wai kia puta, ko ngā poke nui rānei ka tau ki raro i te mata, kātahi ka whiwhi. Ko te tikanga matū ko te whakamahi i ngā momo matū hei huri i ngā poke i roto i te wai hei matū kāore e kino ki te tinana tangata, hei whakapūpū rānei i ngā poke, me whakamahi te tikanga maimoatanga matū mō te wā roa hei tāpiri i te konumohe ki te wai, i muri i te kohikohinga o ngā poke i roto i te wai, ka nui ake te rahinga, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te tikanga tātari hei tango i ngā poke.

Ko te konupūmā hauota, he matū e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te maimoatanga paru, he matū kore-waro he tote i hangaia mai i te hauota me te konupūmā, he halide ionic noa. Ka taea e ngā katote hauota te whakahoromata i te wai, te patu i ngā huakita kino, me te whakaiti i te paitini o te wai. Ka taea e ngā katote konupūmā te whakakapi i ngā kationa konganuku kei roto i te wai, te wehe me te aukati i ngā katote konganuku taumaha paitini, me te whakakore i te maturuturunga iho o ngā katote konupūmā, he pai te patu huakita me te purenga.

Ko te kaupapa e whai ake nei hei whakaatu i te mahi motuhake a te konupūmā hauota i roto i te maimoatanga waipara:

1. Ka whai hua te konupūmā pūhaumāota i rewa i roto i te wai i muri i te katote pūhaumāota ki te whakahoromata.

2. Ka taea e ngā katote konupūmā te whakakapi i ngā katote konganuku i roto i te wai para, inā koa i roto i te tukanga maimoatanga wai para kei roto ngā katote konganuku. Hei whakaiti i te kino o ngā matū tino paitini o ngā katote konganuku ki te wāhanga matū koiora, ka whakamahia te konupūmā hauota i roto i te tukanga maimoatanga o mua hei tango i ēnei matū paitini me te kino, he mahi nui tā rātou. Mena ka whakamahia tēnei matū i roto i te wāhanga wai para, ka whai wāhi ngā katote hauota ki te patu huakita. Ko ngā katote konupūmā i hangaia ka whakapūpūhia te konupūmā hauwai, ā, ka tangohia mā te ua.

3. Te whakakore i te pH me te whakatikatika i mua i te whatunga paipa paru waikawa hei whakaroa i te roa o te ratonga o te whatunga paipa.

Te tukanga tono motuhake: Whai muri i te kohikohinga o te wai para ki roto i te tāke whakahaere, ka hikihia te wai para ki te tāke whakapūmau mā te papu hiki. Ka wehea te tāke whakapūmau kia rua ngā tukanga, arā, te whakaranu puhoi me te whakaranu tere, e whā ngā wāhanga katoa o te tauhohenga. I roto i te tāke whakaranu tere, ka tāpirihia te hauwai konutai ki te papu inenga hei whakatika i te PH o te wai whakaranu i roto i te tāke ki te 8, ā, ka tāpirihia te polyaluminium chloride wairewa-wai me te calcium chloride i te wā kotahi. Mā te tāpiri i te flocculant polyacrylamide ki roto i te tāke whakaranu puhoi, ka whakapūmau ngā matūriki calcium chloride kua hangaia tetahi ki tetahi hei hanga i te floc granular nui ake; Whai muri i te flocculation, ka rere te para ki roto i te tāke whakapūmau, mā te whakataunga taiao hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te wehenga totoka-wai, ka puea ake te supernatant mai i te taha o runga o te tāke whakapūmau, kātahi ka rere ki roto i te precipitation whakapūmau tuarua. I muri i te tātaritanga ipurangi o ngā katote fluoride, ka tukuna te wai mā te tātari putea me te tātari waro whakahohe ki roto i te puna whakakore waikawa-pūtake o te taha o te rangatira, ā, ka whakatikatikaina te uara pH, ka tukuna. Ka tukuna te wai kore e tika ana ki roto i te tāke whakangawari, kātahi ka tukatukahia.