Te whakataurite i ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te whakamahi i te konutai kāponāte, te konutai hauwai rānei hei whakatika i te uara pH mō te wai whāngai poihau.

1, te wai whāngai kōhua ​​hei whakatika i te uara pH o te take

I ēnei rā, ko te nuinga o ngā kōhua ​​i Haina e whakamahi ana i te wai whakangāwari osmosis whakamuri, te wai whakangawari kapia konutai rānei. Ko te uara pH o te wai whakangāwari osmosis whakamuri, te wai whakangāwari kapia konutai rānei he iti, he waikawa hoki. Ko te uara pH o te wai whakangāwari osmosis whakamuri he 5-6, ko te uara pH o te wai whakangāwari kapia konutai he 5.5-7.5. Hei whakaoti i te waikura o te wai waikawa ki ngā kōhua ​​me ngā paipa. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga o te paerewa ā-motu BG/T1576-2008, ko te uara pH o te wai kōhua ​​ahumahi kei waenganui i te 7-9, ā, ko te uara pH o te wai whakangāwari o te kohuke kei waenganui i te 8-9.5, nō reira me whakarerekē te uara pH o te wai kōhua.

2, ko te kaupapa matua o te tāpiri i te konutai kāponāte ki te wai whāngai pōro hei whakatika i te uara pH

Ko te konutai kāponāte e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te houra, te pungarehu houra, te pungarehu houra, te horoi kawakore, he tote, ehara i te kawakore, he tauira matū Na2CO3, i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa mō te paura mā, te tote pai rānei. Ko te kaupapa matua o te tāpiri i te konutai kāponāte ki te wai whāngai poiha hei whakatika i te uara pH ko te whakamahi i te konutai kāponāte hei whakarewa i roto i te wai, kia kawakore ai, ka taea te whakakore i te hauhā waro i roto i te wai whāngai waikawa me te whakaoti i te waikura o te wai ngohengohe waikawa, te wai tote rānei i runga i te poiha me te paipa. Ko te konutai kāponāte he irahiko ngoikore, ka whakarewahia ki te wai hei hanga i te otinga parenga o te konutai kāponāte me te konutai paikāpōnate, he taurite hikohiko kei roto i te otinga, me te paunga o te hauwai hikohiko, ka haere tonu te taurite ki te taha matau, nō reira kāore te pH kei roto i te tauhohenga e tino rerekē.

Te tukanga waikura tuatahi o te konutai kāponāte:

Na2CO3 Konutai kāponāte +H2O wai = NaHCO3 Konutai paikāponāte +NaOH Konutai hauwaiwai

Te tukanga waikura tuarua o te konutai kāponāte:

NaHCO3 konutai paikāpōnati +H2O wai =H2CO3 waikawa waro +NaOH konutai hauwai

Whārite katote waikura tuatahi konutai kāponāte:

(CO3) Waikawa 2-waro + H2O wai =HCO3- paikāpōnate + OH- hauwai

Whārite katote waikura tuarua konutai kāponāte:

HCO3- paikāpōnati + H2O wai = H2CO3 waikawa kāpōnati + OH- hauwaiwai

3, ko te kaupapa matua o te tāpiri i te konutai hauwai ki te wai kohua hei whakatika i te uara pH

Ko te konutai hauwaiwai e kiia ana hoki ko te houra kautika, te houra kautika, te houra kautika, te houra kautika, te nuinga o te wā he ma te kirikiri, ko te tauira matū NaOH, he kaha te kawakore o te konutai hauwaiwai, he tino waikura.

Whārite whakakoiora mō te hauwai konutai: NaOH=Na++OH-

Mā te tāpiri i te hauwai konutai ki te wai o te kōrere ka taea te whakau i te kiriata tiaki i runga i te mata o te konganuku, te whakapai ake i te uara pH o te wai whāngai kōrere me te wai oumu, kia taea ai te whakakore i te waikura o te wai ngohengohe waikawa, te wai kua tangohia ngā kohuke rānei i runga i te kōrere me te paipa, me te tiaki i ngā taputapu konganuku mai i te waikura.

4. Ka whakatauritea ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te whakamahi i te konutai kāponāte, te konutai hauwai rānei hei whakatika i te uara pH mō te wai whāngai poihau.

4.1 He rerekē te tere o te whakapiki i te uara pH me te konutai kāponāte me te konutai hauwai mō te wai whāngai poiha me te wā e pupuri ana i te pānga whakamahinga.

He puhoi ake te tere o te tāpiri i te konutai kāponāte ki te puna wai o te kōhua ​​hei whakanui ake i te uara pH i tērā o te konutai hauwai. Nā te mea ka puta he wai whakapūmau i te konutai kāponāte, he iti noa te piki me te heke, ā, he pumau, he ngāwari hoki te whakarite. Heoi, he iti noa te whānuitanga o te whakaritenga pH. Ina whakaritea te uara pH ōrite, ka nui ake te nui o te konutai kāponāte i tērā o te konutai hauwai. Ka mau tonu te pānga whakamahinga mō te wā roa, ā, kāore e ngāwari te heke o te pH o te wai.

He turanga kaha te hauwai konutai, he irahiko kaha hoki. He nui te whakarerekētanga o te hauwai konutai, ā, he ngāwari te whakanui ake i te pH i muri i te tāpiritanga o te hauwai konutai i te wai, he tere ake, he tika ake te whakatikatika i te pH, engari he ngāwari hoki te huri, kāore e nui rawa te tāpiri. Ki te whakaritea ki te hauwai konutai, he iti ake te tāpiri, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga taupū pH. Ahakoa kua piki ake te pH o te hauwai konutai, kāore te nui o te hauwai konutai i tāpirihia i te nui rawa, arā, kāore te kaha o te wai ki te whakakore i te waikawa o te rōpū hauwai e tino piki ake, ka hohoro te heke o te pH.

4.2 He rerekē te kino i puta mai i te tāpiri nui o te konutai kāponāte me te konutai hauwai hei whakanui ake i te uara pH mō te wai whāngai poihau.

Mā te tāpiri nui rawa o te konutai kāponāte ki te wai kohua hei whakatika i te uara pH ka piki ake te tote o te wai kohua me te kawe hiko; He nui ake ngā iona pākawa waro i roto i te wai kohua, ā, ka ngawari te pirau o ngā iona pākawa waro hei hauhā waro ina werahia. Ka uru te CO2 ki te whakawhiti wera me te wai whakapūhau me te mamaoa. Kāore e taea e te konutai kāponāte te whakatika i te uara pH o te mamaoa me te wai whakapūhau mamaoa, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te uara pH o te mamaoa me te wai whakapūhau, ka waikura te whakawhiti wera me te paipa whakapūhau. Ko te take e nui ake ai ngā iona rino i roto i te wai whakapūhau mamaoa i te tae paerewa kōwhai, whero rānei.

Mā te tāpiri nui rawa o te hauwai konutai ki te wai oumu hei whakatika i te pH ka nui rawa te kawakore o te wai kohua, ā, ka puta te wai me te houra. He uaua ki te whakahaere i te nui o te hauwai konutai, ā, mā te nui rawa o te NaOH kore utu ka nui te kawakore, ā, mā te pakaru o te kawakore ka waikura hoki ngā taputapu. Kua kite te kaituhi i tētahi tāke parapara kirihou kua whakakahangia ki te muka karāhe, kī tonu i ngā wāhi i te wāhi o te kaiwhakamahi, kua waikura, kua pokaia hoki nā te whakamahinga o te hauwai konutai hei whakahaere i te pH o te parapara. Kāore e taea e te hauwai konutai te whakatika i te pH o te mamaoa me te wai hoki whakapūmau mamaoa, ā, kāore e taea te whakahaere i te waikura o ngā taputapu pūnaha wai hoki whakapūmau mamaoa me te wai hoki whakapūmau mamaoa me te whatunga paipa.

4.3 He rerekē te haumaru o te konutai kāponāte me te konutai hauwaiwai e whakamahia ana i roto i te wai whāngai poiha hei whakapiki i te uara pH

He ngawari te konutai kāponāte, he rauemi kai, he iti te whakaohooho, he iti te waikura, he noa te pā atu ki te ringa, me mau karapu mō te wā roa.

He mea morearea te hauwai konutai, he waikura, ā, ko tōna wairewa, ko te puehu rānei e tauhiuhia ana ki te kiri, inā koa ki te kiriuhi mucous, ka puta he kiri ngohengohe, ā, ka uru ki roto i ngā kiko hohonu. Ka waiho he koha e te wera. Ki te tauhiuhia ki roto i te kanohi, ehara i te mea ka kino noa te kornea, engari ka kino hoki te kiko hohonu o te kanohi. Nō reira, me pani e te kaiwhakahaere he hinu koretake me te hinu koretake ki te kiri, me mau hoki i ngā kākahu mahi, i ngā kopare kanohi, i ngā mōhiti tiaki, i ngā karapu rapa, i ngā āperetona rapa, i ngā pūtu rapa roa me ētahi atu taputapu tiaki mahi kia pai ai te tiaki i a ia anō.

He maha ngā whakamahinga me ngā whakamātautau e whakaatu ana: Ka whakamahia te hauwai konutai me te konutai kāponāte i roto i te wā kotahi, ka whakaranua rānei, he pai ake tōna whai huatanga me tōna pānga i te whakamahi i tētahi kaiwhakahaere pH anake. Ina kitea he iti rawa te uara pH o te wai whāngai poihau, ka taea te tāpiri i ētahi hauwai konutai kia tere ai te whakanui i te uara pH. I muri i te rewa katoa o te hauwai konutai, ka taea te tāpiri i ētahi hauwai konutai hei whakanui i te kāponāte i roto i te wai. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te hekenga o te uara pH o te wai whāngai; Nā te mea ka nui ake te nui o te hauwai konutai ka taea te tāpiri, ka nui ake te kaha ki te pupuri i ngā kāponāte i roto i te wai, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi i te hauwai konutai hei pupuri i te uara pH o te puna wai me te wai kohua, engari ina iti rawa te uara pH o te wai, ka tūtohu te kaituhi kia whakamahia te hauwai konutai kia tere ai te whakanui i te uara pH, kia whakaranua ai ngā mea e rua, kia whai huatanga ōhanga, kia pai ai hoki.