Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā whakamahinga o te konupūmā pūhaumāota

Ko te konupora pūhaumāota he tote i hangaia e te katote pūhaumāota me te katote konupūmā.Ko te konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous he kaha te whakauru makuku, whakamahia hei whakamaroke mo nga momo matū, i tua atu i te puehu o te huarahi, te whakapai ake i te oneone, te whakamahana, te kai horoi wai, te kaihoko whakapiri.Ko te reagent matū e whakamahia nuitia ana, nga rauemi mata rongoa, nga taapiri kai, nga taapiri whangai me nga rauemi mata mo te hanga konupūmā whakarewa.

Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te konupūmā pūhaumāota

Ko te konupora pūhaumāota he karaihe pūtoru kāre he tae, he ma, he ma-ma ranei, he kirikiri, he honikoma poraka, he poroporo, he korikori, he paura.Ira whakarewa 782°C, kiato 1.086 g/mL i te 20 °C, ira koropu 1600°C, wairewa 740 g/L.He paku paitini, he kakara, he kawa paku.He tino waikore me te ngawari ki te whakaheke i te wa e pa ana ki te hau.
He ngawari te wairewa ki te wai, i te tukunga o te wera nui (te konupora chloride dissolution enthalpy o -176.2cal/g), he paku waikawa tona wairewa wai.Wairewa i roto i te waipiro, acetone, waikawa acetic.Ko te tauhohenga ki te haukinia, ki te waiwaro ranei, CaCl2·8NH3 me CaCl2·4C2H5OH matatini i hanga.I te iti o te pāmahana, ka whiti te wairewa, ka heke ano he hexahydrate, ka memeha haere i roto i tana ake wai tioata ina wera ki te 30 ° C, ka ngaro haere te wai ina wera ki te 200 ° C, ka noho hei waikura ina whakamahana ki te 260 ° C. , ka huri hei konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous porous ma.

konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous

1, āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū: karaihe pūtoru kāre he tae, he paraka porous ma, he ma ranei, he toka toka ranei.Ko te kiato whanaunga he 2.15, te ira whakarewa he 782 ℃, te ira kohua kei runga ake i te 1600 ℃, he tino kaha te hygrhygability, he ngawari ki te whakaheke, he ngawari ki te rewa i roto i te wai, i te wa e tuku ana i te wera nui, te kakara, te reka paku kawa, he iti te waikawa te wairewa wai, he wairewa ki te waipiro, winika kiriaku, waikawa ahetiki.

2, te whakamahi hua: He kaikawe whakaheke mo te hanga o nga tae o te roto.Te hanga hauota, hau acetylene, hauwai pūhaumāota, hāora me ētahi atu hau maroke.Ka whakamahia te waipiro, te etera, te ester me te kapia kiriaku hei kai whakamaoritanga, a, ko o raatau wairewa he tino whakamatao mo nga pouaka whakamatao me te whakamatao.Ka taea e ia te whakatere i te whakapakeke o te raima, te whakanui ake i te aukati makariri o te kumete ciment, a he pai rawa atu te kaihoko antifreeze.Ka whakamahia hei kaihoko whakamarumaru mo te konupora konupora konumohe, he kaihoko parani.

Tipapa konupūmā pūhaumāota

1, āhuatanga tinana me te matū: karaihe taekore, he ma tenei hua, karaihe atu-ma.Kawa kawa, kaha deliquescent.
Ko tona kiato whanaunga he 0.835, he ngawari te wairewa i roto i te wai, ko tana wairewa wai he kupapa, he paku kawakore ranei, he pirau, he wairewa i roto i te waipiro me te kore e rewa i roto i te ether, ka maroke ki roto i nga mea anhydrous ka wera ki te 260 ℃.Ko etahi atu matū he rite ki te konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous.

2, mahi me te whakamahi: tawerewere konupūmā pūhaumāota whakamahia rite refrigerant;He kaihoko pareketo;Te hukapapa rewa, te hukarere ranei;Nga mura ahi mo te whakaoti me te whakaoti i nga papanga miro;Nga tiaki rakau;Te hanga rapa hei kaihoko kopa;Ka whakamahia te māngaro whakauru hei kai whakakapia.

Wairewa wai konupora pūhaumāota

Ko te wairewa konupora puota ko nga ahuatanga o te kawe, he iti ake te ira mīti i te wai, te tohanga wera ki te wai, a he pai ake te mahi adsorption, a ka taea te whakamahi i tana waahi iti mīti i roto i nga momo mahi ahumahi me nga waahi whanui.

Te mahi o te otinga konupūmā pūhaumāota:

1. Kawakawa: He kawakore te konupora katote katote, a ko te hauwai hauwai he pahekeheke i muri i te hauwai katote chloride.
2, te kawe: he katote kei roto i te otinga ka taea te neke noa.
3, ira mīti: konupūmā pūhaumāota otinga ira mīti he iti iho i te wai.
4, ira koropuke: konupūmā pūhaumāota wairewa wairewa ira kohua he teitei ake i te wai.
5, whakaetonga whātioatanga: konupūmā pūhaumāota wairewa whakaetonga whātioatanga ki te kia i roto i te kōhauhau ki tonu i te hauwai pūhaumāota.

Te whakamaroke

Ka taea te whakamahi konupūmāota pūhaumāota hei kai whakamaroke, hei kaiwhakamaori mo te hau me te wai pararopi.Engari, kaore e taea te whakamahi hei whakamaroke i te waihano me te haukini, na te mea ka tauhohe te waihano me te haukini ki te konupūmā pūhaumāota ki te hanga matatini waipiro CaCl2·4C2H5OH me te matatini haukini CaCl2·8NH3, ia.Ka taea hoki te hanga konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous ki hua whare whakamahia rite te māngai hau hygroscopic, konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous rite te kaihoko absorption wai kua whakaaetia e te FDA mo te whakakakahu i te awhina tuatahi, ko tana mahi ko te whakarite i te maroke o te patunga.
Na te mea ko te konupūmā pūhaumāota he kūpapa, ka taea e ia te whakamaroke i nga hau waikawa, kawakore ranei me nga wai pararopi, engari ano hoki i roto i te taiwhanga ki te hanga i te iti o nga hau penei i te hauota, te hāora, te hauwai, te hauwai pūhaumāota, te whanariki hauhā, te hauhā, te hauota hauhā, etc ., i te whakamaroke i enei hau ka puta.Ka whakamahia te konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous granular hei whakamaroke ki te whakakī i ngā paipa whakamaroke, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūkohu nui (he pungarehu rimurimu rānei) kua whakamarokehia ki te konupūmā pūhaumāota hei hanga i te pungarehu houra.Ka whakamahia e etahi o nga kaiwhakaahua o te whare te konupūmā pūhaumāota ki te tango i te makuku mai i te hau.
Ka horahia te konupūmā pūhaumāota anhydrous i runga i te mata rori onepu, a ka whakamahia te taonga hygroscopic o anhydrous konupūmā pūhaumāota te ki te condense te makuku i roto i te rangi ka he iti iho te haumākū rangi i te wāhi tomairangi ki te pupuri i te mata rori mākū, kia rite ki te whakahaere. te puehu i te huarahi.